Demystifying Numerical Instability in LLM Inference: Achieving Reproducible Inference for Mission-Critical Tasks with HEAL

arXiv:2606.21023v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: As Large Language Models (LLMs) deploy into mission-critical domains (e.g., finance, medicine, and law), output reproducibility has become a strict system requirement. While practitioners use greedy decoding to eliminate algorithmic stochasticity, empirical deployments with 16-bit precisions still exhibit catastrophic output divergence across heterogeneous GPUs. Through SASS-level profiling, we reveal that this inconsistency is fundamentally driven...